{"id":77806,"date":"2022-08-17T19:51:18","date_gmt":"2022-08-17T12:51:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/arpanet-la-gi\/"},"modified":"2022-08-17T19:51:18","modified_gmt":"2022-08-17T12:51:18","slug":"arpanet-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/arpanet-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"ARPANET l\u00e0 g\u00ec? t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3i ARPANET l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Internet – SVN hosting comparison"},"content":{"rendered":"

Internet ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a internet nh\u01b0 arpanet \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a internet, nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef <\/p>\n

arpanet l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/h2>\n

arpanet, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 quan d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e2ng cao <\/strong>, l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00f3i tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ed9 giao th\u1ee9c tcp \/ ip. c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a internet. ARPANET ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi C\u01a1 quan D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Hoa K\u1ef3 (ARPA). uu. <\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ARPAnet d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Leonard Kleinrock, Paul Baran, Donald Davies v\u00e0 Lawrence Roberts. c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tcp \/ ip \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho arpanet b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh robert kahn v\u00e0 vint cerf, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cyclades c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p do louis pouzin d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n

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Khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c cho li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng. Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o ARPANET \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1981, khi Qu\u1ef9 khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia (NSF) t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho M\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CSNET). N\u0103m 1982, b\u1ed9 giao th\u1ee9c Internet (TCP \/ IP) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean ARPANET. \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, NSF \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986 v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n NSFNET , c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1c trang web t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. ARPANET \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1989.<\/p>\n

t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng arpanet l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Internet? <\/h2>\n

Internet nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi JCR Licklider, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Bolt, Beranek v\u00e0 Newman (BBN), \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 “m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u00ean h\u00e0”. <\/p>\n

\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y: k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u1edf g\u1ea7n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin. h\u00f3a ra Lilider \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh khi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. <\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Licklider tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u01a1 quan D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u N\u00e2ng cao c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng (ARPA, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Darpa), c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh chia s\u1ebb th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ARPAnet, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Internet hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. <\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1969, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c ARPANET \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi gi\u1eefa Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Kleinrock t\u1ea1i UCLA v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Stanford (SRI) d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Elizabeth Feinler. (Feinler sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a .gov, .com, .edu, .mil v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c.) Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1969, Arpanet c\u00f3 th\u00eam hai n\u00fat t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Santa Barbara v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. <\/p>\n

nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean arpanet \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a internet, bao g\u1ed3m leonard kleinrock, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh ra chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00f3i (m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a internet). Vinton Cerf v\u00e0 Robert Kahn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra giao th\u1ee9c TCP \/ IP v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972, Ray Tomlinson \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u email m\u1ea1ng. <\/p>\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, Qu\u1ef9 Khoa h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 NSFnet. arpanet \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady nsf n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c “n\u00fat d\u00e2n s\u1ef1”. <\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1990, arpanet ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, NSF nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. NSF \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995, Internet ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Internet l\u00e0 50.000 m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kh\u1eafp b\u1ea3y l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1n ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gian. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Internet ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a internet nh\u01b0 arpanet \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a internet, nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. ho\u1eb7c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":77807,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77806"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77806"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77806\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77807"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/httl.com.vn\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}